Fish Treatment Guide

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• Internal Parasites

  Investigate wasting or unusual feces without assuming an intestinal parasite.

• Ich / White Spot

  White spots can suggest a parasite, but freshwater and marine ich need different management.

• Fin Rot

  Fraying fins are a sign to investigate, rather than a bacterial diagnosis.

• Velvet Disease

  Respiratory illness can be severe even when a dusty coating is difficult to see.

• Fungal Infection

  Cotton-like growth requires identification and assessment of underlying damage.

• Popeye (Exophthalmia)

  A protruding or cloudy eye has several possible causes; inspect the history and other signs.

• Swim Bladder Disorder

  Floating or sinking describes a buoyancy problem, not a confirmed swim-bladder diagnosis.

• Hole in the Head (HITH)

  Head or lateral-line erosion needs investigation of multiple contributors.

• Bacterial Septicemia

  Bleeding and systemic decline are urgent signs, but they do not prove a bacterial cause.

• Dropsy

  Swelling with raised scales describes fluid imbalance, rather than one disease.

• Internal Infections

  This is a broad investigation topic; outward signs do not establish an internal infection.

• Bacterial Infections

  Damaged tissue may involve bacteria alongside an underlying injury or husbandry problem.

• Gill & Skin Flukes

  Monogenean parasites require microscopic identification; rubbing alone is insufficient.

• Anchor Worm

  A thread-like attachment may be Lernaea, a crustacean with multiple life stages.

• Fish Lice

  Visible moving attachments can suggest Argulus; identify them and account for off-fish stages.

• Wasting Disease / Fish TB

  Chronic wasting has many causes; mycobacteriosis needs laboratory-supported assessment.

• Viral Lesions

  Nodules and growths need assessment; their appearance alone cannot establish a viral cause.

• Turbellarians (Black Ich)

  Marine dark spots require identification; black ich is distinct from white-spot disease.